Improvement Of Inactivated Equine Herpes Virus-1 Vaccine Using Carbomer

Equine Herpes Virus-1: Virus, Immunity and Vaccines

Equine Herpes virus-1 (EHV-1) is one of the most common respiratory pathogens of the horse. EHV-1 induces several clinical signs of disease ranging in severity, from mild respiratory distress to abortion in pregnant mares, neonatal foal death and neuropathogenic disorders. This review details some aspects of EHV-1 biology, its life cycle and pathogenicity in the natural host. Protective immunit...

Improvement of the Trivalent Inactivated Flu Vaccine Using PapMV Nanoparticles

Commercial seasonal flu vaccines induce production of antibodies directed mostly towards hemaglutinin (HA). Because HA changes rapidly in the circulating virus, the protection remains partial. Several conserved viral proteins, e.g., nucleocapsid (NP) and matrix proteins (M1), are present in the vaccine, but are not immunogenic. To improve the protection provided by these vaccines, we used nanop...

Emergence of Equine Herpes Virus 1 Myeloencephalopathy: a Brief Review

Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV1) is an economically important viral pathogen of equines and causes respiratory disease, neonatal foal mortality, late-term abortion and sporadic encephalomyelitis aka equine herpes myeloencephalopathy (EHM) in affected horses. The nervous form of EHV1 (EHM) has been recognized as early as 1950s in horse population; however, many aspects of this disease remained poorly...

Equine herpes virus type 1 (EHV-1) and 4 (EHV-4) infections in horses and donkeys in northeastern Turkey

The herpesviruses infections in equides are caused by five different serotypes of viruses, belonging to family Herpesviridae. The goal of this study was to conduct a seroepidemiological investigation of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) and type 4 (EHV-4) in horses and donkeys raised in two provinces and their villages in northeastern Turkey. A total of 666 samples from 423 horses and 243 donke...

Inactivated African Horse Sickness Virus Cell Culture Vaccine